ICSE Class 10

General instructions: Answer all questions. Marks are shown in brackets [ ].

Objective

1. 1.
   Pericardium covers the :

   1. A. Heart
   2. B. Brain
   3. C. Spinal cord
   4. D. Eyeball
   [1]
2. 2.
   Which of the following best defines lymph?

   1. A. Blood plasma containing red blood cells and white blood cells.
   2. B. The filtered blood plasma that does not contain red blood cells.
   3. C. A fluid that circulates only within the heart chambers.
   4. D. Blood plasma with a high concentration of platelets.
   [1]
3. 3.
   What occurs in leukemia?

   1. A. Reduction in white blood cell count
   2. B. Increase in white blood cells at the expense of red blood cells
   3. C. Excessive production of platelets
   4. D. Complete absence of blood clotting
   [1]
4. 4.
   Which genetic disorder is characterized by the blood's inability to clot?

   1. A. Hemophilia
   2. B. Anemia
   3. C. Leukemia
   4. D. Thalassemia
   [1]
5. 5.
   Which blood group is known as the universal recipient?

   1. A. A
   2. B. B
   3. C. O
   4. D. AB
   [1]
6. 6.
   The pacemaker of the heart is:

   1. a. AV node
   2. b. SV node
   3. c. SA node
   4. d. tricuspid valve
   [1]
7. 7.
   Which statement accurately describes the functions of arteries and veins?

   1. A. Arteries carry deoxygenated blood, veins carry oxygenated blood
   2. B. Arteries carry oxygenated blood, veins carry deoxygenated blood
   3. C. Both arteries and veins carry only oxygenated blood
   4. D. Arteries and veins have no role in blood oxygenation
   [1]
8. 8.
   Double circulation means

   1. A. Every organ has an artery and a vein.
   2. B. Blood flows twice through the heart.
   3. C. Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is separated.
   4. D. Both (a) and (b)
   [1]
9. 9.
   A doctor is examining a patient's pulse during a routine check-up. The doctor notices the pulse rate is slightly elevated and explains that this is due to the heart's pumping action, specifically during the contraction phase. Based on this observation, the pulse wave is mainly caused by:

   1. a. Systole of the left ventricle
   2. b. Systole of atria.
   3. c. Diastole of atria.
   4. d. Systole of the right ventricle.
   [1]
10. 10.
    Which of the following blood vessels in humans carries the least concentration of urea?

    1. A. Hepatic vein
    2. B. Hepatic artery
    3. C. Renal artery
    4. D. Renal vein
    [1]
11. 11.
    What is the process of clotting of blood?

    1. A. Blood thickens due to dehydration at the injury site.
    2. B. Blood transforms from a fluid into a jelly-like mass after injury.
    3. C. Blood cells multiply rapidly to seal the wound.
    4. D. Blood vessels constrict permanently to stop bleeding.
    [1]
12. 12.
    What is the primary effect of a myocardial infarction on the heart?

    1. A. It causes tissue damage due to blocked blood flow, reducing the heart's pumping efficiency.
    2. B. It increases blood flow to the heart, strengthening the heart muscle.
    3. C. It prevents the heart from receiving any oxygen, leading to immediate cardiac arrest.
    4. D. It enhances the heart's ability to pump blood by enlarging the heart chambers.
    [1]
13. 13.
    Which of the following correctly describes the role of platelets in the process of blood clotting?

    1. A. Platelets release chemicals that activate clotting factors, leading to fibrin mesh formation.
    2. B. Platelets directly convert fibrinogen into fibrin without any intermediate steps.
    3. C. Platelets prevent the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin to avoid clotting.
    4. D. Platelets dissolve blood clots by breaking down the fibrin mesh.
    [1]
14. 14.
    Why does blood flow in arteries in spurts and under pressure?

    1. A. Arteries have thin walls that cannot withstand pressure.
    2. B. High pressure is needed to carry blood over longer distances efficiently.
    3. C. Blood flows smoothly in arteries without any pressure.
    4. D. Arteries contain valves that create spurts of blood flow.
    [1]
15. 15.
    Which blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the liver?

    1. A. Hepatic vein
    2. B. Hepatic artery
    3. C. Portal vein
    4. D. Renal artery
    [1]
16. 16.
    What are the main steps in the coagulation of blood?

    1. A. Injury triggers platelet activation, platelets form a plug, prothrombin converts to thrombin, fibrinogen becomes fibrin, clot retracts, and plasmin dissolves the clot.
    2. B. Blood vessel damage releases fibrin directly, fibrin threads form a clot, platelets adhere, and the clot dissolves immediately after formation.
    3. C. Platelets release fibrinogen, thrombin converts it to collagen, the clot forms, and calcium ions dissolve the clot after healing.
    4. D. Collagen activates plasmin, plasmin forms a platelet plug, prothrombin converts to fibrin, and the clot retracts without fibrin involvement.
    [1]
17. 17.
    Arrange the following terms in the correct logical sequence for blood clotting: Fibrin, Platelets, Thromboplastin, Fibrinogen, Thrombin.

    1. A. Platelets → Thromboplastin → Thrombin → Fibrinogen → Fibrin
    2. B. Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Platelets → Thromboplastin → Fibrin
    3. C. Thromboplastin → Platelets → Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Fibrin
    4. D. Platelets → Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Thromboplastin → Fibrin
    [1]
18. 18.
    Assertion (A): Leukoderma is the biological term for blood cancer. Reason (R): An abnormal increase in the number of WBCs causes blood cancer. Which of the following is correct?

    1. A. (A) is true and (R) is false.
    2. B. (A) is false and (R) is true.
    3. C. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
    4. D. Both (A) and (R) are false.
    [1]
19. 19.
    Arrange the following terms in the correct logical sequence for the blood clotting process: Fibrin, Platelets, Thromboplastin, Fibrinogen, Thrombin.

    1. A. Platelets → Thromboplastin → Thrombin → Fibrinogen → Fibrin
    2. B. Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Platelets → Thromboplastin → Fibrin
    3. C. Thromboplastin → Platelets → Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Fibrin
    4. D. Platelets → Fibrinogen → Thrombin → Thromboplastin → Fibrin
    [1]
20. 20.
    Which of the following best explains why Rh factor compatibility is critical in blood transfusions?

    1. A. Rh-negative individuals can develop antibodies against Rh-positive blood, causing hemolytic reactions.
    2. B. Rh-positive blood can only be donated to Rh-negative recipients without any risks.
    3. C. Rh factor has no impact on blood transfusions and is irrelevant for compatibility.
    4. D. Rh-negative blood can cause immediate clotting in Rh-positive recipients.
    [1]